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Main Milestones
2017
The Ocean Conference
2015
Addis Ababa Action Agenda
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Paris Agreement
2014
SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway
2013
High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development
2012
United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, RIO +20: the Future We Want
2010
Five-year review of the Mauritius Strategy of Implementation: MSI+5
2005
BPOA+10: Mauritius Strategy of Implementation
2002
World Summit on Sustainable (WSSD) Rio+10: Johannesburg Plan of Implementation
1999
Bardados Programme of Action (BPOA)+5
1997
UNGASS -19: Earth Summit +5
1994
Bardados Programme of Action (BPOA)
1993
Start of CSD
1992
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development: Agenda 21
1987
Our Common Future
1972
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm Conference)
Creation of UNEP
Low Emission Development Strategies (LEDS)
OECD/IEA, 2010
by: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

The OECD and IEA Secretariat prepared this overview of Low‐Emission Development Strategies in response to a request from the Climate Change Expert Group on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The documents do not necessarily represent the views of the OECD or the IEA but merely present national policy makers and other decision makers with best practice example of low carbon development.

The document also goes some way to defining low‐emission development as ‘forward looking national economic development plans or strategies that encompass low‐emission and/or climate‐resilient growth’. The publication recognises that the term LEDS is a relatively new concept (first used by UNFCCC in 2008) but that its use has been becoming more and more frequent and currently is mentioned in negotiating texts from COP 15 and beyond, including the Copenhagen Accord, which recognised that a LEDS is indispensable to sustainable development.

The LEDS report provides an overview of technical, institutional and policy lessons learned in the preparation of national climate change strategies and LEDS, in the context of ‘Expertise and resources’, ‘Government co‐ordination’ and ‘Stakeholder involvement’. Each lesson contributes to the cycle (defined in the report) of preparing coherent, co‐ordinated and strategic Low‐Emission Development Strategies. Prominent examples are: the UK’s Low Carbon Transition Plan, Mexico’s GHG inventory, Climate Change Report Co‐ordination in Thailand and Guyana’s Measurement Reporting and Verification (MRV) Roadmap.

United Nations