The adoption of dual-purpose wheat allows increase offer of forage during the winter season of pastures. Shortest growth season with limited economic alternatives, which require larger area under annual cool-season pastures, including some wheat cultivars to meet the demand for low-cost feed for ruminants. In addition, it allows under specific management to be deferred for storage as silage, hay or grain. In the less favorable price scenario will serve as an energetic supplement for dairy cows or as a feed component, also for non-ruminant diets.

To improve utilization of the productive potential of cool-season to meet the demand of bulky and concentrated for domestic animals, especially milk cows with high genetic potential, which has not reached on average half of the desirable one technically;
Leverage the average productivity of 10 kg of milk per cow day to more than 20 kg;
Increasing the use of resources already used in other crops components of regional production systems, such as defined cultivar, sowing season, plant population, fertilization, grazing and harvesting and storage in the form of hay, pre-dried silage, silage of whole plant, wet grain silage and grains to constitute a better feeding program for ruminants and other domestic animals;
Maintain active and more productive winter grain breeding programs, in addition to the priority line of grain production for human consumption, but also meet.

Smallholder farmers of southeast Brazil are the most beneficiaries, especially all wich grown beef cattle and dairies. We thank all scientists and professors to countless contributions, farmer leaders and agronomist of extension state agencies from south states (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná), cooperatives, dairy industries etc. We also express gratitude to financial agencies as CNPq, CAPES, Fapergs, Embrapa, Sicredi Bank, Senar, Sebrae, several rural companies and Associação Rede ILPF. We must not forget of a thankful a hundred of undergraduate and graduate students of Agrarian Sciences.

The transfer of double-purpose wheat (DPW) technology was aimed at demonstrating to farmers and extension agents the key factors of forage production and grains, such as the characteristics of the cultivars, sowing density, planting time, fertilizer rates, and grazing management.
Since 2005 more than 180 demonstration fields of up to 500 m2 were established in smallholder areas, cooperatives, teaching and research institutions and fairs. This was done in order to internally and externally demonstrate, validate and validate this technology. About 100 field days and preparatory meetings were organized with about 1,500 participants per year.
These activities were essential to train professionals who participated as multipliers of these techniques and served for the competitiveness and sustainability of agribusiness in the Rio Grande do Sul state. In addition, short courses (4 to 12 hours) focused on external reduction establishments, inputs and environmental protection.
The objective of all the actions was to transmit knowledge about DPW wheat production and a management oriented to better food security and revenue increase of the agricultural property, through grains, meat and milk. In total, more than 150 extension agents were trained, who acted as multipliers among the participating communities.
The proposed innovation was in line with the need to optimize the land use of farmers with little land and if it was possible to anticipate the sowing of wheat, it would bring many benefits, such as reduction of soil erosion, reduction of work and the practice of adoption of mixed systems, crop-livestock integration.
The impact indicators were the indirect improvements achieved in the wheat, meat and milk chains, as well as the social benefits, specifically the reduction of rural emigration.

The use of wheat in crop-livestock integration in the rural properties of southern Brazil, especially in those located in dairy basins, has grown significantly in recent years. This option of cultivation system allows the use of cereals for animal grazing with dry matter production at competitive levels with traditional forages, besides the qualitative differential and the possibility of harvesting a grain with market value. For more than three decades, Embrapa Wheat has been working on the development of dual purpose wheat, with a specific genetic improvement system, aiming at different characteristics of conventional wheat for baking, culminating with the launching of the cultivar BRS Figueira in 2002, followed by BRS Tarumã , in 2004, which can be considered a milestone in the national wheat production in the context of crop-livestock integration.
It is estimated that wheat cultivar BRS Tarumã currently occupies about 15% of 1.0 million hectares of wheat sown area in Rio Grande do Sul, mean around 150,000 ha, although these data do not appear in official seed production statistics. This can be justified by the profile of producers using the cultivar. They are small, family-owned producers who end up using saved seed. The launching of a dual purpose wheat cultivar requires the attendance of some fundamental characteristics inherent to the animal grazing system. They are: long-cycle plant; plant of more prostrate habit; resistance to animal trampling and regrowth capacity. These characteristics have been used as a prerequisite by Embrapa in the selection of new cultivars for the succession of the cultivar BRS Tarumã and throughout its breeding program.

The success of dual-purpose wheat in ILP systems depends to a large extent on the choice of cultivars associated with appropriate management practices for each adaptation region and production system. Therefore, information on the performance of dual-purpose wheat genotypes associated with grazing or cutting management in different adaptation regions is critical to the success and sustainability of ILP systems in which wheat crop is a component.

The project is underway and it is being proposed to expand knowledge to other biomes such as Cerrado and Pampa. In these regions, in partnership with other units of Embrapa, universities and cooperation of leading agriculturalists, it has been demanded the execution of activities for greater security in formal activities of transfer of technologies. There is no doubt that there is a great potential, given that in the South of Brazil alone there are around 25 million cattle, with no more than 20% dairy cows that demand, besides the bulky, supplements, especially energetic ones that are nothing more than cereals, not necessarily of (maize and sorghum). Since most of the area planted to grain production in the summer, especially with soybeans and corn, they are idle in the cold season, allowing the occupation of this land to produce food preserved in the form of silage, hay and grains. If we consider only dairy cows as the main customer, and each cow, consuming 30% of the wheat supplement, implies a consumption of about 1.0 t per animal. As we have about 4.0 million lactating dairy cows, and if we consider an average of 2.5 t / ha of double-purpose wheat grains, it results in 4.0 million tons of wheat and 1.6 million hectares to be produced.
If we extend the substitution of part of the maize used in confinement of beef cattle, laying poultry, chickens and pigs, we could have the full utilization of at least 50% of the area cultivated in the summer with winter and dual-purpose cereals, where wheat is the main species.

It is estimated that dual-purpose wheat cultivars (TDP), with emphasis on the cultivar BRS Tarumã occupy 15% of the cultivated area with traditional wheat. If we consider the north / northeast region of RS, western SC and southwestern PR, about 150 thousand hectares are cultivated. As the nutritive value of wheat forage is high and higher than that of black oats, not only morphologically observed, with a relatively higher proportion of leaf blades, higher concentration of crude protein and digestibility, results in higher consumption by animals and higher milk yield. It is possible to produce about 6,000 kg milk/ha, not considering substitution of black oats. What impacts the total production of 900 thousand tons of milk in the region is practically 0.4 US$ billion. In addition, it can be considered as indirect gain the uniformity of soil cover and, although less residue (straw) remains, greater root production and a possible improvement of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics, contributing to the quality of life of the family rural and with global sustainability, due to the lower emission of greenhouse gases per unit of marketable product due to higher productivity.
To highlight as a remarkable result of the adoption of the TDP technology is the positive impact in the municipality of São Miguel das Missões, RS, in which 450 families of small farmers who recognize Embrapa as a lever of a transformation that propitiated the increase of milk production from 30 thousand kg per month to 800 thousand kg each month. Another testimonial from Emater office of Boa Vista das Missões, RS, reporting that this technology has made not only viable wheat for small farmers and dairy farmers. Another reported that a cow that produced 7.0 kg milk / day went on to produce 14 kg / day, in addition describing the animals as healthier due to better nutrition.
Lastly, TDP technology allows farmers to decide whether animals are grazing more often by producing more meat or milk and less or no wheat by analyzing the price conditions of wheat, milk and meat.

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